《红色英勇勋章》中的战争创伤分析An Analysis of Effects of War on Trauma in The Red Badge of Courage开题报告

1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述）

nowadays, we live in a relatively peaceful world. and most of us needn’t worry about being involved in war and being the sacrifice of war. however, war has never been annihilated and it may happen at any place in any time. it is upset to admit that war occasionally happen in some areas like middle east, causing a large number of people destitute and homeless.

the red badge of courage is a war novel written by stephen crane, an american poet, novelist, and short story writer. taking place during the american civil war, the story is about a young private, henry fleming, who joins the army with the ambition to be a hero but flees away when facing the cruel war. but he eventually becomes a real hero by overcoming his fear and cowardice. this novel is often considered one of the best american war stories ever written, even though the author never saw battle himself. this novel is popular for its distinctive style, because the author describes the realistic battle sequences as well as the repeated use of color imagery, and ironic tone. also known for its use of what crane called a "psychological portrayal of fear".

the red badge of couragegarnered widespread acclaim, whath. g. wellscalled "an orgy of praise", shortly after its publication, making crane an instant celebrity at the age of twenty-four.it has been adapted several times for the screen, and is now thought to be crane's most important work. for a long time, critics and scholars regard crane and this novel as a puzzle, for crane did not experience battle first-hand. they tried to study this novel from different perspectives by using different research methods, and drew a different conclusion. study on this novel can mainly be divided into two aspects: novel of initiation, naturalism. for the first aspect, study such as a study on the red badge of courage as an initiation story by an english major, ma xiaojing, the paper traces the process of henrys initiation from a coward to a real man and proves that the red badge of courage is a typical initiation novel. in the journal of jilin teachers institute of engineering and technology. the article by wang liyuan and sun xiaoxin analyzes the psychological growth of the hero from the ailde of bildungsreman and discusses the problems of youth growth in the war. for naturalism, scholars use the naturalism theory to explain the psychological changes of henry and analyses the theme of the novel which express author’s understanding of social reality and individual values. and there are other research aspects such as the symbols in the novel, its effect on modern war novel and so on.

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

my paper will discuss the effects of war on trauma in the red badge of courage. it consists of five parts. in the first part, i will clarify the research background and the significance and structure of this paper. in the second part, i will give much information about trauma theory, including its definition and development. in the third part, i will talk specifically about war trauma in the red badge of courage, such as characters’ symptoms caused by war. in the fourth part, i will focus on trauma healing, that is how the protagonist recovery from the war trauma. in the last part, i will summarize the whole passage, put forward the idea that it is necessary for man to fight against unjust war even if the war could cause the trauma. also points out the limitation of essay writing and bring up some suggestions in future research.

i write this paper in order to reveal the evil of the war. trauma caused by it may can be healed, but we should be alert to the war even if we live in peaceful world because the war may break out without any warning.

i chiefly adopt literature search method: relevant books, journals from the library and on the internet.

3. 研究计划与安排

before 20th january : settlement of the title

before20th march: submission of the outline

before 25th april : submission of the first draft

4. 参考文献（12篇以上）

[1]grace, thomas m. badge of shame:not everyone was meant to be a soldier[j].america's civil war,2016(1):22—25.

[2]herman, judith. trauma and recovery [m]. new york: basic books, 1992.

[3]hunt, nigel c. memory, war and trauma [m].new york: cambridge ue, 2010．