纯电动双层公交客车车身总布置设计开题报告

全文总字数：9839字

1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述）

1.0 – project identification

1.1 – topic content and research status

pure-electrical power vehicle is one of the main developmentdirections of current automotive industry, since it has the characteristics oflow noise-production, high operation-stability as well as non-emissions. comparedto conventional vehicle, the 500 kilometers average transportation distancerange, which is integrated with the longer battery lifetime (more than 2years), leads to lower cost, lower pollutions and higher factor of safety. what’smore, the development of electrical power transport system based onpure-electrified futuristic products was emphasized by the chinese government’s“eleventh five-year plan”.

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

2.0 – Design Contents, Aims, Objectives and Technical Resolutions

2.1 – The Design of the Cockpit

2.1.1 – Designs of the Cockpit Dashboard

With the increasement of the number ofin-car microprocessors units, many LCDs (liquid crystal display) are applied inthe current dashboard design of the cockpit. The design is aimed to give aproper solution for the electrical dashboard arrangement based on differentranges of human drivers.

2.1.2 – Designs of Driver’s Seat, Steering Wheel and Pedals

Due to the different internal structures of the buses the drivers’ bodiespositions and driving processes are different to small private car. In thedesign of the driver’s seat, steering wheel and pedals, the driver and cockpitare considered as a whole system based on the Ergonomics. Based on statics dataof the humans’ bodies in P5, P50 and P95, the designs of seat back point, humanH point as well

as pedal based point would be developed.

2.2 – Design of Customers’ Seat

Due to the less considerations of theconventional customers’ seat design in Ergonomics, customers always feeluncomfortable during the long-term traveling, which might lead to a series ofhealthy issues such as back paint and neck paint. The design would be based onergonomic principles to generate appropriated ranges of the seat’s geometricaldimensions.

2.3 – Design of the Stairs of the Double-decker Bus

2.3.1 – Strength Ladder on the Back of DriverCockpit

It is the most typical type of double-decker bus staircase. Only onestaircase of the whole vehicle is arranged at the rear of the driver. The upperleft front wheel space is used to adopt the straight staircase form. Located atthe rear of the driver, it can achieve the balance of the front and middlepassenger doors and improve the utilization rate of the cabin. Set up a baffleat the entrance of the staircase to protect passengers going up and down, andreserve at least 600 mm

space for passengers to walk and turnaround.

2.3.2 – Spiral Ladder on the Back of the Driver Cockpit

According to an improved solution for thearrangement of straight stairs, the first and second steps are made into arotating structure, and the stairway baffle can be moved forward, which willsave the 600 mm reserved space needed in the former design and improve spaceutilization rate.

2.3.3 – Double Ladder Structure in the Rearof the Bus

The figure above shows the structure of the rear double staircase.This type of double-deck vehicle usually adopts a low-floor structure. The reardoor passengers are arranged at the rear of the rear axle and the stairs arearranged at the left and right rear wheels. This arrangement has higherrequirements for the chassis but can relatively improve operating efficiency.

2.3.4 – Single Ladder on the Rear Wheel

The ladders are arranged above the rearwheels, but due to the influence of public transportation dynamics, sucharrangements are limited by the acceleration of the car and the safety hazardsof emergency braking.

2.4 – Total Internal Arrangement of the Double-decker Bus

Choosing a reasonable interior layout isvery valuable for improving passenger comfort. In addition, combined with theapplication of ergonomics, the selection of the seat pitch is very important.Based on the layout of the vehicle interior, the design should be selected inconjunction with the layout of the double-deck staircase.

2.5 – Aims

1. Calculations of the cockpit designs dimensions

2. Calculations of the customers’ seat designs dimensions

3. Selections of the double-decker ladders design

4. Design Calculations Validations

5. Final 3-dimension modeling and 2-dimension drawings

2.6 – Objectives

1. literature review of the cockpit calculations based on Ergonomics

2. Finalize the calculations of the customers’ seat design based onErgonomics

3. Finalize the selections of the double-decker ladder design andjustifications

4. Finalize the CAD modeling as well as the drawings

3.0 – Methodology Flow-chart

3. 研究计划与安排

4.0 – Project Time Management

Table 1: Project Management

4. 参考文献（12篇以上）

5.0 – References

[11] Ergun Eraslan1, Diyar Akay2, and Mustafa Kurt3. UsabilityRanking of Intercity Bus Passenger Seats Using Fuzzy Axiomatic Design Theory [A]. Department of IndustrialEngineering, Baskent University,2006.

[12] Grace P.Y.Szeto Peggo Lam. Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Urban BusDrivers of Hong Kong [J]. Journal ofOccupational Rehabilitation,2007:2.

[13] M.K.Ismail. ERGONOMICS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BUS DRIVER SEAT[A]. UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA,2001.

[14] A.Antony. Tear Drop Design of Double Becker Bus For ImprovedAerodynamics [J]. Postgraduate Engineering and Management Programme CoventryUniversity (UK),2012:3.

[15] J.A.Levis. The Seated Bus Passenger-A Review [J]. AppliedErgonomics,1978:9.